Veterinary Gross Anatomy: What Should Learn Under the Course of Veterinary Gross Anatomy
Welcome again. Hope you are fine and already got an idea of WHAT YOU SHOULD LEARN UNDER THE SUBJECT VETERINARY ANATOMY. (If you don’t get it; Please visit this LINK). Well, you already informed me that Veterinary Gross Anatomy is a major division under Veterinary Anatomy. Today, I will discuss the basics that should learn under the course of gross veterinary anatomy.
Under this course, we will study the form and structure after dissection with the eye only. We will complete the following topic or organ system under this course –
Terminology related to gross veterinary anatomy
We will learn some important terminology to start learning gross veterinary anatomy. It would help if you cared about it.
Osteology of Animal
Osteology is the fundamental of anatomy learning. Here, it would be best to learn what the skeleton is, what bone is, classification of bones, functions of bone, list, and name of all bones of the animal body. It is very important to know the specific anatomical features of all bones of the animal body to identify a theme. Here, we need to complete the name and osteological features of –
Bones of forelimb
Bone of hind limb
Bones of vertebra
Bone of skull
Ribs and Sternum
Syndesmology of Animal
You should know the all join list and bone involvement of the animal body. We will know some specific ligaments or structures involved in major joints. The following list of the joints should know –
Joints of the forelimb (shoulder joint, elbow joint are so important)
Joint of the hind limb (hip joint and stifle joint are so important)
Joints of the vertebra (interneural joint, supraspinous ligament are important)
Joint of skull
Joints of thorax
Myology
You need to know the major muscles of the animal body with their origin and insertion. We will study it with a regional approach –
Muscles of the forelimb (muscle of the arm, extensor, and flexor group muscles are important)
Muscle of hind limb (thigh muscle, leg muscle are important
Muscles of head
Muscle of neck (brachiocephalic, sternocephalicus are important)
Muscles of thorax
Muscle of abdomen (it’s very important)
Muscles of perianal
Organs of the digestive system
You need to learn the anatomy of –
Different parts of the digestive tract like mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach (simple or compound) and intestine and
Accessory organs like tongue, teeth, salivary glands, liver, and pancreas
You should know the course of the esophagus and should compare between the simple and compound stomach. Location of different parts of the compound stomach, salivary glands, liver, and pancreas are more important.
Organs of the respiratory system
This system includes respiratory passages and lungs. So, you should know the anatomy of the following organs or parts or structures –
Nasal cavity with vomaro-nasal organ
Pharynx
Larynx and their cartilage in different animal
A course on the trachea of animals
Thoracic cavity with their contents
Short note on pleura and mediastinum
Anatomy of right and left lung of an animal
Bronchial tree
Pulmonary circulation
Organs of the urinary system
The organs of this system are the kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, and urethra. Here, you should know the details –
Anatomy of left and right kidney (internal and external structure)
Anatomy of ureter
Location of the urinary bladder
Anatomy of urethra
Organs of the male genital system
This is an important system, and you should learn this system properly. The organs of this system include the testicle, ductus or vas deference, urethra, penis, and some accessory sex glands like seminal vesicle, prostate gland, and bulbourethral or Cowper’s glands. You should know the following topics properly –
Anatomical location of the testis
Covering of testis
Anatomy of the spermatic cord
Anatomy of epididymis
Inguinal canal and its contents in both male and female animal
The course of the urethra of animal
Structure of penis (sigmoid flexure, muscles of penis)
Location and opening ducts of accessory sex glands
Organs of the female genital system
The organs of the female genital system include two ovaries, two oviducts, two uteri, vagina, vulva, and accessory organs (mammary gland). You must know the following –
Location and structure of the ovary
Parts of oviducts with their gross anatomy
The anatomical structure of the uterus, including uterine caruncles
Anatomy of vagina and vulva
Anatomy of the mammary gland of an animal
Organs of the cardiovascular system
This is an important system. The heart is the main organ, and you need to know details about the heart. You should know –
Location, the internal and external structure of the heart
Conduction system of the heart
Details on systemic circulation and fetal circulation
Details of the aorta, brachiocephalic trunk
A major branch of the axillary artery
Branch of the abdominal aorta
Branch of external iliac artery
Blood supply on brain
Major superficial vein for blood collection
Nervous system
This is another important and largest system in gross veterinary anatomy. You should complete the following topics-
Parts of the brain with their covering (meninges)
Cavity/ ventricle of the brain
Preparation and circulation of cerebrospinal fluid
Structure of spinal cord
List of cranial nerves with courses
Formation of spinal nerves
Brachial plexus and its major nerves
Nerves of lumbosacral plexus
Autonomic nervous system
Endocrine glands
You should check the location, the shape of the following endocrine glands-
Pituitary gland
Adrenal gland
Thyroid and parathyroid gland
Ovary
Pancreas
Testis
Organs of special senses
Here, you need to learn the following-
The anatomical structure of the eye (figure)
Lacrimal apparatus
Refractive media of the eye
Anatomy of ear
Layers of skin
Structure of hoof of the animal
Conclusion
I Hope, above information will be helpful to get an idea about the basic topics that you should learn under gross veterinary anatomy. As it is a vast field, you should keep passionate during learning. No worries about vast syllabus or topics. All will be easy, and I hope you will create a straightforward technique to learn by yourself in time. As you know what to learn, so you may go HERE TO LEARN VETERINARY GROSS ANATOMY. Let’s enjoy your learning.
If there is any mistake in the above information or any suggestions for me, please, let me know in the comment box. Thank you so much.