Hello and welcome again. Hope you are doing well. Today, I will discuss the basics that should learn under VETERINARY APPLIED ANATOMY. If you want to start learning veterinary applied anatomy, first, you need to know what you should learn under this course.
Here, we will apply our knowledge of VETERINARY GROSS ANATOMY in clinical or field practices. So we should know the basics of VETERINARY GROSS ANATOMY well.
Topics or contents that should learn under the course of applied veterinary anatomy:
We will learn this course by region wise of an animal body. The full animal body is divided into the following region –
Head region:
Pre-requites of learning:
You need good knowledge of the following topics –
Anatomical structure encountered:
List of bone involvement: anatomical feature of skull bone – facial tuber or facial crest, infraorbital foramen, supraorbital foramen, the dorsomedial margin of the orbit
List of muscles: especially Levator nasolabialis muscles, malaris muscle, levator labii maxillaris muscles, depressor labii maxillaris muscle, zygomaticus muscle, orbicularis oris muscle, muscles of the eyeball, buccinators muscle, masseter muscle, sternomandibularis muscle, mylohyoideus muscle
List of nerves: especially zygomaticotemporal nerve, cornual nerve, optic nerve, oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, buccal nerve, palpebral nerve, mandibular nerve, mental nerve,
NERVE BLOCKING SITE (LANDMARK): cornual nerve, zygomaticotemporal nerve, palpebral nerve, a branch of the trigeminal nerve, mandibular nerve, and mental nerve.
List of artery and vein: especially superficial temporal artery, dorsal nasal artery, cornual artery, submaxillary artery, and vein,
Details of common surgical affection of head region:
The following surgical affection of head region should learn –
Trephining of frontal sinus
Trephining of the maxillary sinus
Dehorning and disbudding
Operation of gid disease
Extirpation of the eyeball
Operation of stenosis duct of animal
Neck region:
You need good knowledge of the following topics –
Anatomical structure encountered:
You should know about the course of the esophagus, trachea
List of bone involvement: especially cervical vertebra
List of muscles: especially brachiocephalic, omotransversarius, sternocephalicus, sternomastoideus, cleidomastoideus, deltoid muscles, trapezius muscle, longus colli muscles
List of nerves: especially cervical nerve (ventral branch), phrenic nerve, recurrent laryngeal nerve,
List of vein and artery: especially jugular vein, carotid artery, vagosympathetic trunk, cephalic vein, vertebral artery
Details of common surgical affection of neck region:
The following surgical affection of head region should learn –
Oesophagostomy
Tracheotomy
laryngotomy
Forelimb:
You need good knowledge of the following topics –
Anatomical structure encountered:
You should know the course of three nerves from the brachial plexus (radial, median and ulnar) that supply to a digit.
List of bone involvement: especially important anatomical feature of scapula, humerus, radius, and ulna, carpal, metacarpal, phalanx
List of muscles: especially trapezius muscle, deltoideus muscle, brachiocephalic muscle, pectoralis muscle, latissimus dorsi muscle, infraspinatus muscle, tensor fascia antebrachial, triceps muscle, muscle of extensor group, and muscle of flexor group of the forelimb
List of nerves: especially the nerves of the brachial plexus
NERVE BLOCKING SITE (LANDMARK): for radial (superficial and deep branch), median nerve, and ulnar nerve
List of vein and artery: especially axillary artery and vein, brachial vein and artery, radial artery, cephalic vein, collateral ulnar artery, median artery and vein, common interosseous vein, and artery,
You should know about the anatomical structure of the hoof of an animal.
Details of common surgical affection of forelimb:
The following surgical affection of head region should learn –
Amputation of forelimb
Laminitis
Abscesses
Any other accidental surgery related to the forelimb
Thoracic region:
You need good knowledge of the following topics –
Anatomical structure encountered:
You should know the location of the heart, lung, and details anatomy about the diaphragm, and also about the abdominal tunic
List of bone involvement: especially thoracic vertebra, ribs, and sternum
List of muscles: especially trapezius muscle, latissimus muscle, longissimus muscle, levator costrarum muscle, external and internal intercostal muscle, teres major muscle, scalenus ventral muscle,
List of nerves: especially long thoracic nerve, phrenic nerve, pectoral nerve, vagus nerve, vertebral nerve
List of vein and artery: especially axillary artery, cephalic vein, axillary vein, subclavian vein, and artery, pulmonary artery
Details of common surgical affection of thoracic region:
The following surgical affection of head region should learn –
Rib resection of animal
Diaphragmatic hernia
Paracentesis or thorax
Lobectomy of lung
Pericardiotomy
Abdominal region:
You need good knowledge of the following topics –
Anatomical structure encountered:
You should know the anatomical location of a different part of the compound stomach of ruminant and simple stomach of other animals, liver, pancreas, small and large intestine, kidney, spleen
List of bone involvement: especially lumbar vertebra
List of muscles: especially cutaneous trunci muscle, obliquus externus abdominis muscle, obliquus internus abdominis muscle, transverse abdominis muscle, rectus abdominis muscle, longissimus lumborum muscle,
List of nerves: especially thirteenth thoracic nerve, serratus muscles,
NERVE BLOCKING SITE (LANDMARK): for the thirteenth thoracic nerve, other spinal nerves (T1, T2, T3)
List of vein and artery: especially caudal epigastric artery, abdominal aorta, branches of celiac artery, dorsal cost abdominal artery, lumbar artery, internal iliac artery
Details of common surgical affection of abdominal region:
The following surgical affection of head region should learn –
Laparotomy
Ruminotomy
Correction of left abomasal displacement
Cesarean section
Enterotomy
Cystotomy
Operation of hernia (umbilical)
Hind limb:
You need good knowledge of the following topics –
Anatomical structure encountered:
You should know the course and branch of the ischiatic nerve of animals and the anatomy of the Achilles tendon.
List of bone involvement: especially the anatomical features of different parts of hip bones, femur, tibia, fibula, tarsal, metatarsal, and phalanx
List of muscles: especially gluteus muscle, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus muscle, gastrocnemius muscle, extensor and flexor group of muscles of the hind limb, tensor fascia late, gamellus muscle, gracialis muscle
List of nerves: especially the branches of ischiatic nerve (tibia, fibula), cranial and caudal gluteal nerve
NERVE BLOCKING SITE (LANDMARK): for ischiatic nerve, tibia nerve, and fibular nerve
List of vein and artery: especially lateral and medial saphenous vein, cranial and caudal gluteal artery, cranial tibial artery
Details of common surgical affection of hind limb:
The following surgical affection of head region should learn –
Patellar desmotomy
Amputation of hind limb
Amputation of digit
Any accidental surgery of hind limb
You should know the details anatomy of the stifle joint of the animal.
Pelvic region:
You need good knowledge of the following topics –
Anatomical structure encountered:
You know the anatomical location of the uterus, urinary bladder, ovary, testis, vas deference, spermatic cord, penis, mammary gland, and urethra. You should have a clear knowledge of the anatomy of the prepubic tendon, inguinal canal.
List of bone involvement: especially lumbar vertebra, sacrum vertebra, coccygeal vertebra
List of muscles: especially
List of nerves: especially obturators nerve, pudendal nerve, sacral nerves
NERVE BLOCKING SITE (LANDMARK): in high epidural spaces and low epidural space
List of vein and artery: especially dorsal perineal artery, internal iliac artery, deep circumflex iliac artery, external pudendal artery, external iliac vein, deep femoral vein, pudendoepigastric vein, caudal rectal artery, cranial and caudal mammary artery, and vein
Details of common surgical affection of pelvic region:
The following surgical affection of head region should learn –
Urethrotomy
Vasectomy
Castration
Overyhistectomy
Operation of arteria ani
Operation of hernia (inguinal)
Correction of rectal and vaginal prolapse
Amputation of tail
Conclusion
I hope you have a better idea about the topics or contents you should learn under veterinary applied anatomy. As it is an applied subject, you will find interest in learning it.
If you want to learn the veterinary applied anatomy, you should go HERE HERE AND START TO LEARN VETERINARY APPLIED ANATOMY. Let’s enjoy your learning.
If there is any mistake in the above information or if you have any suggestions for me, please, let me know in the comment box. Thank you so much.